As we head into 2026, we are sharing the top 10 cited UOG articles published in print in 2025. Take a look at what came out on top last year.
- ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): role of ultrasound in twin pregnancy
Updated ISUOG Practice Guideline by Khalil et al. published in January 2025 addresses the role of ultrasound in the care of uncomplicated twin pregnancies and those complicated by twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), selective fetal growth restriction, twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS), twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, conjoined twins and single intrauterine death. This document also provides guidance on the methods used to determine gestational age and chorionicity, screening for chromosomal and structural abnormalities, and screening for TTTS, TAPS, TRAP sequence, growth abnormalities and the risk of preterm birth.
- Radiomics analysis of ultrasound images to discriminate between benign and malignant adnexal masses with solid morphology on ultrasound
In the March issue, Moro et al. aimed to develop ultrasound-based machine learning models that included radiomics features to discriminate between benign and malignant solid adnexal masses, and their results were sufficiently promising to justify continued development of radiomics analysis of ultrasound images of adnexal masses.
- Application of artificial intelligence to ultrasound imaging for benign gynecological disorders: systematic review
This systematic review by Moro et al. published in the March issue, informs on the various applications of artificial intelligence (AI) to gynecological ultrasound imaging, demonstrating that AI models are useful in several benign gynecological conditions and show promise for future clinical translation.
- Routine 36-week scan: diagnosis of fetal abnormalities
Published in the April issue, Syngelaki et al. investigated the incidence and types of fetal abnormalities identified by a routine 36-week ultrasound examination in a large population of 104 151 pregnant women. Their findings finding provide further support for a routine 36-week anomaly scan, in addition to those performed at 12 weeks and 20 weeks' gestation.
- Angiogenic factors alone or in combination with ultrasound Doppler criteria for risk classification among late-onset small fetuses with or without pre-eclampsia
In this study included in the March issue, Youssef et al. demonstrated that soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 to placental growth factor ratio alone had a low predictive value for adverse perinatal outcome, but when combined with estimated fetal weight (EFW), its predictive performance was similar to that of the currently used combination of EFW and Doppler parameters.
- Relationship of maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler with uterine artery Doppler, hemodynamic indices and gestational age: prospective MATERA study
This prospective study by Ali et al. reported that ophthalmic artery Doppler may be a useful point-of-care clinical test, particularly in low-income countries, for predicting pre-eclampsia-related complications.
- Increased nuchal translucency thickness and normal chromosomal microarray: Danish nationwide cohort study
Gadsbøll et al. reaffirm the association between increased nuchal translucency and chromosomal aberrations in their study of 557 896 pregnancies in Denmark included in the April issue of UOG.
- Detection of human cytomegalovirus cell-free DNA in pregnant women with symptomatically infected fetuses: proof-of-concept study
Published in April issue, Faas et al. evaluated the presence and levels of cytomegalovirus (CMV) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in pregnant women with symptomatic congenital CMV-infected fetuses and found that CMV-cfDNA was detectable in all cases, with mostly low levels detected at 11-13 weeks’ gestation, demonstrating the potential for CMV-cfDNA testing as a first-trimester screening test.
- Indications for fetal echocardiography: consensus and controversies among evidence-based national and international guidelines
Included in the Congenital Heart Disease virtual issue, this systematic review by De Robertis et al. aimed to highlight the existing differences in recommended indications for fetal echocardiography among recently published guidelines and consensuses of experts. This study found that areas of controversy were greater in quantity than were the areas of consensus, and that an internationally standardized agreement would be valuable for physicians and guideline developers.
- Clinical utility of ultrasonography in pediatric and adolescent gynecology: retrospective review of 1313 ultrasound examinations
In the February issue, Cooper et al. reported that ultrasound is effective for assessment of the female pelvis in the pediatric and adolescent gynecology population, and that while adnexal masses are common, few require surgical intervention and most resolve expectantly. Furthermore, they reported that International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) simple rules and benign descriptors maintain their performance in this population.