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Pericardial effusion (PE) is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space. Prenatal PE may be an isolated finding or be accompanying an structural heart defect, an arrhythmia or a cardiac tumor. Also, PE can be part of a generalized fetal hydrops or be associated with a chromosomal anomaly.

Heterotaxy is a wide spectrum of conditions characterized by an abnormal arrangement of thoracoabdominal organs across the left–right axis of the body.

Congenital heart block is a rare disorder, affecting 1 in 15,000 to 1 in 22,000 live born infants. The most common cause of congenital heart block is due to transplacental passage of SSA and SSB antibodies.