Explore chapters on the abnormal 4 chamber view.
Septal Defects
Explore chapters on septal defects.
Single Ventricle
Single ventricle is a broad category encompassing a wide variety of complex cardiac defects that share in common the presence of one single functional ventricle connected to the entire atrioventricular junction. Despite the term ‘single ventricle’, an accessory rudimentary ventricle is frequently present.
Hypoplastic Ventricles
Explore chapters relating to Hypoplastic Ventricles and Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.
Cardiac Disproportion
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Cor Triatriatum Dexter
Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) is a rare cardiac abnormality in which the right atrium is divided into 2 compartments by a membrane.
Ectopia Cordis
Ectopia cordis, is an anomaly characterized by the extrathoracic location of the heart. In total ectopia cordis there is a defect at the level of the sternum, with absence of subcutaneous tissue and skin covering the heart. Four different forms are distinguished: cervical, thoracic, thoraco-abdominal and abdominal.
Other anomalies of the 4-chamber view
Explore chapters on other anomalies of the 4-chamber view.