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Holoprosencephaly derives from failure of separation of the cerebral hemispheres. In the most severe forms there is one undivided cerebral mass that contains a crescent shaped rudimentary ventricular cavity. In these cases, severe cranio-facial anomalies (cyclopia, hypotelorism, median cleft face) are associated.

Under this term are included a group of conditions that share in common one sonographic findings: the impression that the fourth ventricle communicates with the cisterna magna. These conditions include: Dandy-Walker malformation, Blake’s pouch cyst, vermian hypoplasia/agenesis. They have a similar sonographic appearance, particularly in early gestation, and differentiation requires a multiplanar approach.

Porencephaly is characterized by single or multiple cysts replacing the brain parenchyma. The cyst may communicate with the lateral ventricle, subarachnoid space or both. It is usually a sporadic condition caused by hemorrage, ischemia or infections.

This leaflet is to help you understand what Schizencephaly is, what tests you need, and the implication of having been diagnosed with Schizencephaly for you, your baby and your family.

Intracranial hemorrage may occur within the lateral ventricles or in the subdural space. The sonographic appearance changes with time. An echogenic collection is first seen, and in the following days it develops into a complex mass frequently complicated by sever ventriculomegaly.

The current definition is an increased size of the lateral ventricles, with a transverse diameter of the atrium in excess of 15mm without evidence of other cerebral malformations. It is a rare condition, usually a part of complex cerebral abnormalities, less frequently the consequence of obstructed cerebrospinal fluid turnover.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum may be either complete or partial. Intracranial anatomy is variable. Other intracranial anomalies are frequently encountered including ventriculomegaly, cysts, lipomas. It may be a part of genetic and genetic syndromes. The prognosis is uncertain.

Absence of the septum pellucidum is found with many cerebral malformations, including holoprosencephaly, agenesis of corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, open spina bifida, cortical malformations. It may be an isolated abnormality and in this case the cerebral anatomy is unremarkable but for fusion of the frontal horns.

This leaflet is to help you understand what Intracranial tumors are, what tests you need and the implication of having been diagnosed with Intracranial tumors for you, your baby and your family.

This leaflet is to help you understand what Agenesis of Septum Pellucidum is, what tests you need and the implication of having been diagnosed with Agenesis of Septum Pellucidum is for you, your baby and your family.

This leaflet is to help you understand what Ventriculomegaly is, what tests you need, and the implication of having been diagnosed with Ventriculomegaly for you, your baby and your family.